Design requirements
Read ~ design requirements doc. first then the design requirements 2 doc. then the world-wide trading company 2nd which is the scenario in which the design
requirements is based off of.
I will discuss here how to identify customer’s Design Requirements.
What are the design requirements and how you can identify in a RFP? Let me define the design requirements? It is the scope of work required to meet client’s business
requirements. The scope of work includes but not limited to upgrade network infrastructure, replace or add new services, devices. The next question is how we can find
the client’s requirements. Most of the time client solicit proposal in the form of RFP. The RFP contains a broad list of client’s upgrading needs. A designer call the
client, make a site visit to check client’s requirement listed in RFP. After verification, the designer submits the design requirements as his response to RFP. These
design requirements are specific and meet all the broad requirements of client for upgrading the network.
Below are criteria to Extract design requirements of network from Client’s RFP, site visits and some testing of the network
• Existing topology, equipment, and software version
• IP addressing plan
• Scalability configuration (summarization, stub areas, etc.)
• List of advertised networks
• Link utilization
• Metric requirements for primary and backup links
Based on this information, the network engineer can decide about the tasks that are required. The existing network may not require topology, IP addressing, or any
other changes. In a best case scenario, when the network is built following the Cisco recommended design, the new implementation is just an addition to the existing
network
Identifying Other Requirements
In addition to network information, there are many other requirements for the successful creation of an implementation plan and for implementation:
• Site-specific implementation requirements
• Dependencies on the existing installation, related to site-specific implementation requirements
• Configuration and verification commands
• Implement schedule and resources
• Tools
I realize that some of items you cannot do in this project such as site visit and discuss with the client. But good news is that you are designing from ground zero and
site visit and discussions with client may not have much impact on the design at this stage of the project.
I am copying a Design Scenario from Top-Down Network Design by Priscilla Oppenheimer to identify Business and Design requirements.
Criteria Level 100 Level 90 Level 80 Level 70 level 60 level 50 Level 40 Level 30 Level 20 Level
10 Level 0
Design Requirements 100 points
Identify correctly all Design Requirements of WWTC 90 points
Identify 95% of DRs without any error. 80 points
Identify 80% of DRs correctly. 70 points
Identify 70% of DRs Correctly. Missed few significant DRs 60 points
Identify 60% of DRs Correctly. Missed many significant DRs 50 points
Identify 50% of DRs Correctly. Missed many significant DRs 40 points
Identify 40% of DRs Correctly. Missed most of the significant DRs 30 points
Identify 30% of DRs Correctly. Missed most of the significant DRs 20 points
Identify 20% of DRs Correctly. Missed almost all of the significant DRs 10 points
Identify 10% of DRs Correctly. Missed almost all of the significant DRs 0 points
No submission
Overall Score Level 4
3 or more Level 3
2 or more Level 2
1 or more Level 1
0 or more
• Design Requirement: In any network design, or upgrade, only one thing is important and that is what customer wants. Some of the requirements
are straightforward and some network requirements are derived from customer business goals, or improvement in production method, or cutting maintenance cost, or
securing business information. The upgrade of network, should address these needs and these upgrades are called Design Requirements. ?WWTC document has given you lots
of information about their business, business goals, security requirements and Active Directory requirements. Some requirements are straight forward such as they want
faster network, want wireless network, and want VoIP. Some requirements are not stated directly, but they want to increase revenue, cut operating cost (Business Goal).
Your task here is to create DRs which will support business goals and include all other requirements which they have stated clearly. ?Please read entire document
carefully and sort out all direct and indirect design requirements. ?You would be evaluated on correct content of the assignment. You can write any way, and assignment
has no page limit or style or format. ?Also, read Rubric and Design Requirement Assignment in Course Document.?
Background Information for World-Wide Trading Company
World-Wide Trading (WWTC) is a large online broker firm in the Hong Kong. The trading company has a staff of 9,000 who are scattered around the globe. Due to
aggressive growth in business, they want to establish a regional office in New York City. They leased the entire floor of a building on Wall Street. You were hired as
the director of the IT Department. The President of the company asked you to set up the state of the art network by December 15, 2015. He shared with you the
organizational structure and a list of the staff. You hired a consultant to test the network infrastructure and power requirement at WWTC office space. The consultant
reported that the network infrastructure is solid and gigabit network can be set up on existing network wiring. Also, the existing power supply will meet their current
and future demand. The President has reiterated these business goals.
Business and Technical Goals
? Increase revenue from 10 billion to 40 billion by the year 2018
? Reduce the operating cost from 30 to 15 percent by the year 2018 by using an automated system for buying and selling.
? Provide secure means of customer purchase and payment over Internet.
? Allow employee to attach their notebook computers to the WWTC network and Internet services.
? Provide state of the art VoIP and Data Network
? Provide faster Network services
? Provide fast and secure wireless services in the lobby and two large conference rooms (100×60)
On the basis of these business goals, you prepared a RFP to solicit a proposal for designing and implementing a fast, reliable and secure network.
The purpose of this Request for Proposal is to solicit from qualified vendors proposals for a
secure and fast network to ensure proper operation of the network.
To prepare a design for a state of the art network at the Wall Street location of World-Wide Trading.
Propose a Network design that solves the current security audit problems (see security sections), to meet business and technical goals.
Provide a modular, scalable and network.
Provide redundancy at building core layer and building distribution layer and access layer and at workstation level to avoid failure at one point. For Building Access
layer provide redundant uplinks connection to Building Distribution layer.
Select appropriate Cisco switch model for each part of your enterprise campus model design from the Cisco Products Link, and use the following assumptions in your
selection process.
Selecting the Access layers switches:
a. Provide one port to each device
b. Make provision for 100% growth
Server farm switches
• Assume 6 NIC cards in each server and one NIC card uses one port of switch
• Dual processors and dual power supply
Propose an IP addressing redesign that optimizes IP addressing and IP routing (including the use of route summarization). Provide migration provision to IPv6 protocol
in future.
Propose a High Level security plans to secure key applications and servers but encryption of all application is not acceptable. Develop security policy to stop
sniffing and man-in-the-middle attack. Your security plan must be based on current industry standards. Multilayer security or defense-in-depth.
Integrate voice and data network to reduce cost. For dialing outside, the World-Wide Trading Company proposes a plan for 100% connectivity with a minimum number of
outside lines. For telephone requirements, see the Organization Chart and Telephone Equipment Table.
Provide aggregate routing protocols with hierarchal IP scheme.
Centralize all services and servers to make the network easier to manage and more cost-effective.
Provide LAN speed minimum 100 MB and Internet speed minimum 54 MB.
Provide wireless network access to network users and guest users in limited area (Lobby and Conference room). In conference room and the lobby, the user will get a
minimum 54 Mbps of bandwidth. (You can assume that site survey is done and no sources of interference or RF were discovered.)
Provide provisions for video conference and multicast services.
Standardize on TCP/IP protocols for the network. Macintoshes will be accessible only on guest notebook but must use TCP/IP protocols or the Apple Talk Filling Protocol
(AFP) running on top of TCP.
Provide extra capacity at switches so authorized users can attach their notebook PCs to the network
Install DHCP software to support notebook PCs
The World-Wide Trading Company will use the following applications:
? Microsoft Office 2012
? Sending and receiving e-mail
? Surfing the Web using Netscape or Microsoft’s Internet Explorer applications to access information, participate in chat rooms, and use other typical Web
services
? Accessing the library card-catalog
? File Server application.
Associate will use the following Custom Applications
? Market Tracking Application. This application will provide real-time status of stock and bond market to brokers and their clients.
? Stock and Bond Analytical Application. This application will provide analysis of stock and Bond to Brokers only.
? On Line Trading. The Company wishes to train new clients in online trading to attract new customer. The Company will sign up new client to receive streaming
video and instructions
2. Assume any information (with proper justification) which you think is missing and critical to the development of the design.
WWTC Security:
Although WTC has strong security requirements at other locations (see network diagram below), you will need to move to a significantly more secure network than WTC
currently has available. At other places, lack of strong authentication, data confidentiality and separations between internal protected server and public server are
principal areas that need to improve at this location.
Audit results of other locations identified the following problems
• E-mail had been inappropriately used at times to communicate Business sensitive information.
• Confidential business information and public data were connected to the same physical network.
• End users systems had inappropriately housed confidential data should have resided only on servers. In addition, some of the end-user systems were found to be
laptops, which had left the facility in clear violation of security policies.
• Some logical control systems were found to rely on username and password combinations only.
• Some sensitive business information was found to be transmitted in clear text between server and client.
In order to address these audit findings, you decided to firm up security policies in these areas.
Internet Connectivity
Internet connectivity and any other unclassified network must be physically separate from the network
Classified Network
The classified network must be physically secure to prevent any access to the classified network’s data. Control should be put in place to prevent local users from
removing data from the systems in any way. This includes removable media, AV recorders, pen and paper, and any form of printer.
All data transmitted on the classified network must be cryptographically protected throughout the network. All classified data must be centrally stored and secured in
a physically separate area from the unclassified network.
WAN Connectivity
In addition to the cryptographic protections of the data within the classified network, all data crossing wide-area links should undergo another layer of cryptographic
protection such as IPSec/VPN/SSL.
Public Servers
All public servers must configured HTTPS connections and accept all requests that are on valid IP addresses and pass through firewall. Server must ask some identity of
the connecting party.
Site-to-site VPN tunnels
All devices must be mutually authenticated and cryptographic protection should be provided.
PSTN dial-up
Dial-up client must authenticate with username and OTP
User Education
All users should undergo periodic user awareness training program on network threats and good security practices.
Deliverables
These are only recommendations on the general approach you might take for this project.
1. Determine the most important assets of the company, which must be protected
2. Determine general security architecture for the company
3. Develop a list of 12specific policies that could be applied.
4. Write specific details along with the rationale for each policy
5. Integrate and write up the final version of the Security Policy Document for submittal
6. Develop a High availability secure design for this locations addressing above considerations and mitigating 4 primary networks attacks categories mentioned
below.
The Four Primary Attack Categories:
• Reconnaissance attacks: An intruder attempts to discover and map systems, services, and vulnerabilities.
• Access attacks: An intruder attacks networks and systems to retrieve data, or gain access, or escalate access privileges
• Denial of Service attacks: An intruder attacks your network in a way that damages or corrupts your computer system or denies you and others access to your
networks, system, or services.
• Worms, viruses, and Trojan horses: Malicious software is inserted onto a host in order to damage a system, corrupt a system, replicate itself, or deny services
or access to networks, system or services.
The following are the guidelines for security policies.
Security Policies:
• Policies defining acceptable use
• Policies governing connections to remote network
• Polices outlining the sensitivity level of the various types of information held within an organization
• Policies protecting the privacy of the network’s user and any customer data
• Policies defining security baselines to be met by devices before connecting them to the network.
• Creates a basis for legal action if necessary.
The key components of security policies:
• Statement of authority and scope: Define the name of security authority and areas cover under that statement
• Identification and authentication policy
• Create Network access policy: How the user will use the company’s data infrastructure
• Remote access policy
• Incident handling policy: This topic specifies how the company will create an incident response team and the procedure to be used during and after an incident
WWTC Active Directory Design
WWTC office at New York is largely autonomous and few IT personnel to take care of day-to-day IT support activities such as password resets troubleshoot virus
problems. You are concerned about sensitive data store in this location. You want to deploy a highly developed OU structure to implement security policies uniformly
through GPO automatically at all domains, OU, and workstations.
At this location Windows Server 2012 is required providing the following AD features:
• Use BitLocker encryption technology for devices (server and Work station) disc space and volume.
• Enables a BitLocker system on a wired network to automatically unlock the system volume during boot (on capable Windows Server 2012 networks), reducing
internal help desk call volumes for lost PINs.
• Create group policies settings to enforce that either Used Disk Space Only or Full Encryption is used when BitLocker is enabled on a drive.
• Enable BranchCache in Windows Server 2012 for substantial performance, manageability, scalability, and availability improvements
• Implement Cache Encryption to store encrypted data by default. This allows you to ensure data security without using drive encryption technologies.
• Implement Failover cluster services
• Implement File classification infrastructure feature to provide automatic classification process.
• IP Address Management (IPAM) is an entirely new feature in Windows Server 2012 that provides highly customizable administrative and monitoring capabilities for
the IP address infrastructure on a corporate network.
• Smart cards and their associated personal identification numbers (PINs) are an increasingly popular, reliable, and cost-effective form of two-factor
authentication. With the right controls in place, a user must have the smart card and know the PIN to gain access to network resources.
• Implement Windows Deployment Services to enables you to remotely deploy Windows operating systems. You can use it to set up new computers by using a network-
based installation.
Deliverables
Deliverables
• Create Active directory infrastructure to include recommended features
• Create OU level for users and devices in their respective OU
• Create Global, Universal, Local group.. Each global group will contain all users in the corresponding department. Membership in the universal group is
restrictive and membership can be assigned on the basis of least privileged principle. (For design purpose, you can assume that WTC as a Single Forest with multiple
domains).
• Create appropriate GPO and GPO policies and determine where they will be applied.
Reference:
WWTC Organization Chart
VP OPR, VP NW USA, VP SW USA, VP NE USA, VP SE USA, VP M USA
Table:-1 Equipment Inventory
Subnet Offices Telephone Devices Comment
VP OPR VP OPR Office 2 1 Work Stations
CEO IT 2 1 Work Stations
CEO FIN 2 1 Work Stations
CEO HR 2 1 Work Stations
CEO IT’s Staff 2 1 Work Stations
CEO FIN’s Staff 2 1 Work Stations
CEO HR’s Staff 2 1 Work Stations
VP NW USA, VP Office 2 2 Work Stations
Manager 1 2 2 Work Stations
Manager 2 2 2 Work Stations
Broker 1 2 2 Work Stations
Broker 2 2 2 Work Stations
Broker 3 2 2 Work Stations
Broker 4 2 2 Work Stations
Staff 2 2 Work Stations
VP SW USA VP SW Office 2 2 Work Stations
Manager 1 2 2 Work Stations
Manager 2 2 2 Work Stations
Broker 1 2 2 Work Stations
Broker 2 2 2 Work Stations
Broker 3 2 2 Work Stations
Broker 4 2 2 Work Stations
Staff 2 2 Work Stations
VP NE USA VP NE Office 2 2 Work Stations
Manager 1 2 2 Work Stations
Manager 2 2 2 Work Stations
Broker 1 2 2 Work Stations
Broker 2 2 2 Work Stations
Broker 3 2 2 Work Stations
Broker 4 2 2 Work Stations
Staff 2 2 Work Stations
VP SE USA VP SE Office 2 2 Work Stations
Manager 1 2 2 Work Stations
Manager 2 2 2 Work Stations
Broker 1 2 2 Work Stations
Broker 2 2 2 Work Stations
Broker 3 2 2 Work Stations
Broker 4 2 2 Work Stations
Staff 2 2 Work Stations
VP M USA VP M Offices 2 2 Work Stations
Manager 1 2 2 Work Stations
Manager 2 2 2 Work Stations
Broker 1 2 2 Work Stations
Broker 2 2 2 Work Stations
Broker 3 2 2 Work Stations
Broker 4 2 2 Work Stations
Staff 2 2 Work Stations
Printer 20 At various offices. Exact location to be determined.
Server 40 These does not include DNS, DHCP, Domain Controller. Need to be determined by designer
Note: WWTC is opening an office only at New York location. Please do not confuse Office holder’s title (VP NW USA) with the location.
WLC and AP ordering Guide
Table 4. Ordering Information for Cisco Wireless LAN Controllers
Product Features Customer Requirements Part Number
Wireless LAN Controllers
Cisco 4400 Series Wireless LAN Controller • Modular support of 12, 25, 50, or 100 Cisco Aironet access points
• The Cisco 4402 with 2 Gigabit Ethernet ports supports configurations for 12, 25, and 50 access points
• The Cisco 4404 with 4 Gigabit Ethernet ports supports configurations for 100 access points
• IEEE 802.1D Spanning Tree Protocol for higher availability
• IPSec encryption
• Industrial-grade resistance to electromagnetic interferences (EMI) • For midsize to large deployments
• High availability • AIR-WLC4402-12-K9
• AIR-WLC4402-25-K9
• AIR-WLC4402-50-K9
• AIR-WLC4404-100-K9
See the Cisco Wireless LAN Controllers Data Sheet for more information.
Cisco 2100 Series Wireless LAN Controller • Supports up to 6, 12 or 25 Cisco Aironet access points
• Eight Ethernet ports, two of which can provide power directly to Cisco APs
• Desk mountable • For retail, enterprise branch offices, or SMB deployments • AIR-WLC2106-K9
• AIR-WLC2112-K9
• AIR-WLC2125-K9
See the Cisco 2106 Wireless LAN Controller Data Sheet for more information.
Cisco Catalyst® 6500 Series /7600 Series Wireless Services Module (WiSM) • Wireless LAN Controller for Cisco Catalyst 6500 or Cisco 7600 Series Router
• Supports 300 Cisco Aironet access points
• IPSec encryption
• Industrial-grade resistance to electromagnetic interferences (EMI)
• Intrachassis and interchassis failover
• Interoperable with Cisco Catalyst 6500 Series Firewall and IDS services modules • Embedded system for the Cisco Catalyst 6500 Series and Cisco 7600 Series
Router infrastructure
• For large-scale deployments
• High availability • WS-SVC-WISM-1-K9
• WS-SVC-WISM-1-K9= (spare)
See the Cisco Catalyst Wireless Services Module Data Sheet for more information.
Cisco Catalyst 3750G Integrated WLAN Controller • Cisco Catalyst 3750G Series Switch with wireless LAN controller capabilities
• Modular support of 25 or 50 Cisco Aironet access points per switch (and up to 200 access points per stack*)
• IPSec encryption
• Industrial-grade resistance to electromagnetic interferences (EMI) • For midsize to large deployments
• High availability • WS-C3750G-24WS-S25
• WS-C3750G-24WS-S50
See the Cisco Catalyst 3750G Integrated Wireless LAN Controller Data Sheet for more information.
Cisco Wireless LAN Controller Module for Cisco Integrated Services Routers • Wireless LAN controller integrated into Cisco integrated services routers
• Supports 6, 8, 12, or 25 Cisco Aironet access points • Embedded system for Cisco 2800/3800 Series and Cisco 3700 Series routers
• For retail, small to medium-sized deployments or branch offices • NME-AIR-WLC6-K9
• NME-AIR-WLC6-K9= (spare)
• NME-AIR-WLC8-K9
• NME-AIR-WLC8-K9= (spare)
• NME-AIR-WLC12-K9
• NME-AIR-WLC12-K9= (spare)
• NME-AIR-WLC25-K9
• NME-AIR-WLC25-K9= (spare)
See the Cisco WLAN Controller Modules Data Sheet for more information.
Please refer to the Cisco Wireless LAN Controller Ordering Guide supplement to learn when to add the following SKUs to track the deployment of voice and context-aware
mobility applications.
Table 2. Cisco Aironet Indoor Rugged, Indoor, Wireless Mesh, and Outdoor Rugged Access Points
Product Features Customer Requirements Part Number
Indoor Rugged Access Points
Cisco Aironet 1250 Series • Industry’s first business-class access point based on the IEEE 802.11n draft 2.0 standard
• Provides reliable and predictable WLAN coverage to improve the end-user experience for both existing 802.11a/b/g clients and new 802.11n clients
• Offers combined data rates of up to 600 Mbps to meet the most rigorous bandwidth requirements • Designed for both office and challenging RF environments
• Especially beneficial for environments with the following characteristics:
• Challenging RF environments (for example, manufacturing plants, warehouses, clinical environments)
• Bandwidth-intensive applications (for example, digital imaging, file transfers, network backup)
• Real-time, latency-sensitive applications such as voice and video
• Need to support existing 802.11a/b/g and new 802.11n wireless clients Access point platform with pre-installed radio modules:
• AIR-AP1252AG-x-K9: 802.11a/g/n-draft 2.0 2.4/5-GHz Modular Autonomous Access Point; 6 RP-TNC
• AIR-AP1252G-x-K9: 802.11g/n-draft 2.0 2.4-GHz Modular Autonomous Access Point; 3 RP-TNC
• AIR-LAP1252AG-x-K9: 802.11a/g/n-draft 2.0 2.4/5-GHz Modular Unified Access Point; 6 RP-TNC
• AIR-LAP1252G-x-K9: 802.11g/n-draft 2.0 2.4-GHz Modular Unified Access Point; 3 RP-TNC
See the Cisco Aironet 1250 Series Ordering Guide for more information.
Cisco Aironet 1240AG Series • Second-generation 802.11a/g dual-band indoor rugged access point
• 2.4-GHz and 5-GHz antenna connectors for greater range or coverage versatility and more flexible installation options using the broad selection of Cisco antennas
available • Ideal for challenging indoor RF environments
• Recommended for offices and similar environments
• Ideal for deployments above suspended ceilings
• Recommended for outdoors when deployed in a weatherproof NEMA-rated enclosure • AIR-AP1242AG-x-K9: 802.11a/g Nonmodular Cisco IOS Software- Based Access Point; RP-
TNC
• AIR-LAP1242AG-x-K9: 802.11a/g Nonmodular LWAPP Access Point; RP-TNC
See the Cisco Aironet 1240AG Series 802.11a/b/g Data Sheet for more information.
Indoor Access Points
Cisco Aironet 1130AG Series Low-profile, enterprise-class 802.11a/g access point with integrated antennas for easy deployment in offices and similar RF
environments Ideal for offices and similar environments • AIR-AP1131AG-*X-K9
See the Cisco Aironet 1130AG Series Ordering Guide for more information.
Wireless Mesh Access Points
Cisco Aironet 1520 Series • Next-generation outdoor wireless mesh access point
• Integrated dual band 802.11 a/b/g radios, Ethernet, fiber and cable modem interface
• Provides easy and flexible deployments for outdoor wireless network
• Available in a lightweight version only • Ideal for outdoors
• Recommended for industrial deployments and local government, public safety, and transit agencies • AIR-LAP1522AG-X*-K9:
See the Cisco Aironet 1520 Series Lightweight Outdoor Mesh Access Point Ordering Guide for more information.
Cisco Aironet 1500 Series • Mesh access point that enables cost-effective, scalable deployment of secure outdoor wireless LANs for metropolitan networks or
enterprise campuses
• Available in a lightweight version only • Ideal for outdoors
• Recommended for providing wireless services and applications to local government, public safety, and transit agencies • AIR-LAP1510AG-*X-K9:
• Cisco Aironet 1510AG Lightweight Outdoor Mesh Access Point, FCC configuration
See the Cisco Aironet 1500 Series Ordering Guide for more information.
Outdoor Rugged Access Points
Cisco Aironet 1400 Series • High-speed, high-performance outdoor bridging solution for line-of-sight applications
• Offers affordable alternative to leased-line services
• Available in a standalone version only • High-speed building-to-building or campus connectivity
• Share LAN/Internet access between two or more sites
• Fast installation • AIR-BR1410A-*X-K9: With integrated antenna
• AIR-BR1410A-A-K9-N: With N-Type connector for use with external antennas
See the Cisco Aironet 1400 Series Bridge Data Sheet for more information.
Cisco Aironet 1300 Series Outdoor access point/bridge offers high-speed and cost-effective wireless connectivity between multiple fixed or mobile networks and
clients Ideal for outdoor areas, network connections within a campus area, temporary networks for portable or military operations, or outdoor infrastructure for mobile
networks ? AIR-BR1310G-X-K9: With integrated antenna
? AIR-BR1310G-X-K9-R: With RP-TNC connector for use with external antennas
? AIR-BR1310G-A-K9-T: For transportation applications
See the Cisco Aironet 1300 Series Ordering Guide for more information.
*X = regulatory domain
(Source: Curtsy Cisco Web site
http://cisco.com/en/US/prod/collateral/wireless/ps5679/ps6548/prod_brochure0900aecd80565e00_ps2706_Products_Brochure.html)
WLC and AP Placement Templates
Suggested Placement Table Wireless Network
Building Access Point
Requirements Wireless LAN Controller
Requirements Total AP Total WLC
Building
Lobby
Cafeteria
Conference room
Suggested Product Table (WLC)
WLC Cisco Part Number Quantity Cost
Cisco 2100 Series Wireless LAN Controller AIR-WLC2106-K9 2
Suggested Product Table (AP)
AP Cisco Part Number Quantity Cost
Cisco Aironet 1250 Series AIR-AP1252AG-x-K9: 802.11a/g/n-draft 2.0 2.4/5-GHz Modular Autonomous Access Point; 6 RP-TNC
20
Design Requirements?
This section will specify the scope of the work, which will address the concerns of stakeholders while meeting overall business needs.
You are required to submit business need and Design Requirements of Entire WWTC Project. The requirements include but not limited to
DRs of LAN and VOIP and Wireless
DRs of Security
DRs of Active Directory
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