COMPARING ANALYTICAL PROCESSES AND METHODOLOGIES.
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COMPARING ANALYTICAL PROCESSES AND METHODOLOGIES.
Understanding similarities and differences of various theoretical methodologies should inform your choice of methodology. In this Assignment you explain the analytical processes of grounded theory. Then compare case study methodology with the analytical processes of grounded theory. To prepare for this assignment, review this week’s Learning Resources.
Assignment:
1. Explain the analytical process of grounded theory.
2. Compare the similarities and differences between grounded theory and the case study methodology you selected.
Note: To prepare for this Discussion, review this week’s Learning Resources.
Instructions:
1). Support the Assignment with specific references to all resources used in its preparation (including URL where applicable).
2). All sources must be scholarly.
3. Include In-text citations and references ALL in the APA format.
Resources:
Creswell, J. W. (2013). Qualitative inquiry & research design: Choosing among five approaches (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications. pp. 69-128
Qualitative Reasoning and Analysis in Applied Psychology
Copyright—Laureate Online Education © All rights reserved, 2000–2012.
The Module, in all its parts—Syllabus, guidelines, Weekly Notes, Discussion Questions, technical notes,
images and any additional material—is copyrighted by Laureate Online Education B.V.
Last update: 10 August 2012
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Week 6 Weekly Notes: Methods of Analysis and Interpretation of Findings
Are you interested in exploring the impact that gender may have on life experiences? What role do you think individuals play in shaping their own social experience? Or are you interested in understanding dynamics of workplace structures? Each one of these questions stems from a particular theoretical approach to research.
This week you focus on how researchers re-conceptualise data in the form of theory, report, and policy while also considering some common analytical frameworks used in qualitative research. You also re-visit the transcript you worked with from Week 5 to evaluate the role of interviewer and what you might have done differently, along with what field notes you might have taken. An important part of this week’s learning is that all analysis has to take place within an analytical framework.
Theoretical Approaches in Analysis
When examining the role of epistemology (the branch of philosophy that studies the nature of knowledge, its pre-suppositions, foundations, and its extent and validity), it is important to look at the same research from a number of different epistemological positions because the same research can be interpreted in different ways. For example, researchers can examine the experience of workers in a factory setting from the perspectives of positivism, feminism, Marxism, or social constructionism. There are other perspectives, but you examine these in more detail. These epistemological positions can be researched using either a qualitative or quantitative approach.
Positivism
Positivism is empirically driven and the subjective experience is not relevant —only clean, objective science is accepted. A researcher using this approach will use quantitative analysis. He or she may develop a hypothesis such as: “Manual workers are more stressed than other managers due to the introduction of new organizational structures.” Using a quantitative instrument to measure stress (such as a General Health Questionnaire which measures Psychological Distress), analysis could be carried out to measure the stress levels of manual workers (n=70) and office workers (n=35) within the company. Next, the researcher would compare the mean GHQ scores of the two groups (using an appropriate hypothesis test). The findings of this study can then be presented as statistical interpretations and displayed as graphs.
Qualitative Reasoning and Analysis in Applied Psychology
Copyright—Laureate Online Education © All rights reserved, 2000–2012.
The Module, in all its parts—Syllabus, guidelines, Weekly Notes, Discussion Questions, technical notes,
images and any additional material—is copyrighted by Laureate Online Education B.V.
Last update: 10 August 2012
2/3
Feminism
Goals of feminist research are, according to Olsen (1994), to “establish a collaborative and non-exploitative relationship, to place the researcher within the study to avoid objectification, and to conduct research that is transformative” (as cited in Creswell, 2007). A researcher taking a feminist epistemological position would approach analysis from a gendered position focusing on possible implications for women and/or men, for example, “Have the new organisational structures had an impact on women’s health since their implementation?” The researcher can choose to interview women or to interview both men and women in order to collect comparative data. A feminist analysis of the data would then focus its interpretation on any implications of the company’s new systems, specifically on women’s health and/or men’s health. The researcher may also examine differences in perceptions of masculine and feminine roles within workplace hierarchy and what impact that may have on the well-being, health behaviours, and quality of life of the company’s employees.
Marxism
Using the same example from above, this approach would focus primarily on workplace structures in the factory. In particular, researchers may focus on how a new production line may affect workers’ health. This would be important to know because in order to keep the means of production running within a capitalist system, it is important to maintain a healthy workforce. Alternatively, the researcher may want to look at ways in which social groups are ordered around their role within the means of production. This approach would focus heavily on divisions within the work force and the role of capitalism on social structures within the factory. It may also consider how social relations within the factory are determined by regional, national, or international economic relations.
Social Constructionism
This epistemological approach focuses on the roles individuals play in constructing and shaping their own social worlds and interactions with others. The analysis could examine individual experiences of new working conditions at the factory and how work impacts individual lifestyles and general well-being of the workers. The researcher would also ensure that the study sample included a wide range of staff, including management, administrative staff, and members of the distribution team. The researcher might decide to go undercover and become an employee for a period of time to conduct a covert ethnography. Ethnography is a qualitative method aimed to learn and understand cultural phenomena which reflect the knowledge and system of meanings guiding the life of a cultural group (Philipsen, 1992). Using this framework allows the researcher to examine, in detail, the potential impact of new organisational structures.
Qualitative Reasoning and Analysis in Applied Psychology
Copyright—Laureate Online Education © All rights reserved, 2000–2012.
The Module, in all its parts—Syllabus, guidelines, Weekly Notes, Discussion Questions, technical notes,
images and any additional material—is copyrighted by Laureate Online Education B.V.
Last update: 10 August 2012
3/3
In Practice
Understanding the utility of different methodologies theoretical approaches gives researchers an opportunity to observe human experience through a variety of lenses. Although you may gravitate towards one methodology in particular, having a well-rounded knowledge of methodologies, theoretical approaches, and analytical frameworks might help ensure that you are creating dynamic and robust qualitative research studies.
References
Creswell, J. W. (2012). Qualitative inquiry & research design: Choosing
among five approaches (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications
Philipsen, G. (1992). Speaking culturally: Explorations in social communication. New York, NY: State University of New York Press.
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